Vacuum sandwich
There are many types of combined vacuum glass mentioned above, which have been successfully developed or are being developed such as:
Vacuum laminated glass
At present, there are two types of laminated glass that have been produced or are being developed. The single-sided sandwich structure can also be made into a double-sided sandwich structure. The thickness of the EVA film (also called EN film) is about 0.4 and 0.7 mm. The polycarbonate sheet has a thickness of about 1.2 mm. The additional glass plate is used between 2.5mm and 5mm, and tempered glass can also be used. Its characteristics are safety and anti-theft, and its heat transfer coefficient, sound insulation and wind pressure resistance are also superior to vacuum glass original film, and the total thickness is also relatively thin. Since the thermal conductivity of the glass and the interlayer is relatively large, the contribution to the thermal resistance is small, so the heat transfer coefficient of the vacuum laminated glass is only slightly smaller than that of the vacuum glass, but the sound insulation performance is greatly improved.
Vacuum + hollow
2. "Vacuum + hollow" combination vacuum glass
This structure is equivalent to making the vacuum glass as a piece of glass and then synthesizing hollow with the additional glass plate. The thickness of the additional glass plate is generally 5 or 6 mm. The tempered glass is placed on the outside of the building, and can also be made into "hollow + vacuum + hollow". Double-sided hollow combination form.
In addition to solving safety, this type of combination also has improved thermal insulation performance. Especially the additional glass plate is also used
Low-E tempered glass also reduces the heat transfer coefficient.
The calculation of this composite glass must first be realized in principle. In the range of temperature and temperature difference we are discussing, the wavelength of thermal radiation is in the far-infrared 4-40 μm band, and the soda-lime glass is substantially opaque to the electromagnetic radiation of this band. Therefore, when calculating the radiant heat resistance of three or more glasses, it is not necessary to consider the influence of the radiation passing through the first block on the third block, as long as the segmentation calculation is added, so if the total heat of the "vacuum + hollow" combination Resistance is R combination, can be written as: R combination = R + R hollow
Where R is the thermal resistance of vacuum glass
R hollow is the thermal resistance of insulating glass made of two thick glass with additional glass plates.
The calculated R combination only counts the thermal resistance of a piece of glass, and the error is small.
For example, when the vacuum glass of No. 3 in Table 2 is combined with the hollow glass of No. 3 in Table 4 to form a vacuum + hollow glass of 4L + 0.15V + 4 + 12A + 4L, R combination = (1.06 + 0.385) W -1m2K=1.45W-1m2K
From this, the K value can be calculated to be 0.63 Wm-2K-1.
Beijing Tianheng Building and Tsinghua University's ultra-low-energy demonstration building and other buildings use the "hollow + vacuum + hollow" structure, all achieving the goal of K value <1. The sound insulation is also above 36dB.
Vacuum sandwich + hollow
3. "Vacuum interlayer + hollow" structure
This structure is shown in Figure 5.
The heat transfer coefficient of this structure is similar to the above-mentioned "vacuum + hollow", but the advantage of this structure is that the thickness is lower than "hollow + vacuum + hollow" except for the low heat transfer coefficient and the safety is solved, and Asymmetry reduces the resonance of sound propagation and improves sound insulation performance.
I have made a sample for a music teaching building in Beijing, which is 6+0.38EVA+4L+0.15V+4+12A+6 structure with a total thickness of 32.5mm. The measured sound insulation by the Tsinghua University Building Physics Laboratory is 42dB. The national standard weighted sound insulation of the glass curtain wall is only 3dB. The heat transfer coefficient can be between 0.7-0.9Wm-2k-1, determined by the selection of LOW-E glass.
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