Introduction to metal materials

The development of human civilization and the progress of society are closely related to metal materials. The Bronze Age and the Iron Age, which emerged after the Stone Age, were marked by the application of metallic materials. Modern, a wide variety of metal materials has become an important material basis for the development of human society.

species

Metal materials are usually classified into ferrous metals, non-ferrous metals, and specialty metallic materials.

1 ferrous metal is also called steel material, including industrial pure iron containing more than 90% of iron, 2% to 4% of carbon containing carbon, carbon steel containing less than 2% carbon, and structural steel, stainless steel and heat resistant for various purposes. Steel, high temperature alloy stainless steel, precision alloy, etc. The broad ferrous metals also include chromium, manganese and their alloys.

2 Non-ferrous metals refer to all metals and their alloys except iron, chromium and manganese. They are usually classified into light metals, heavy metals, precious metals, semi-metals, rare metals and rare earth metals. Non-ferrous alloys generally have higher strength and hardness than pure metals, and have large electrical resistance and small temperature coefficient of resistance.

3 special metal materials include structural metal materials and functional metal materials for different purposes. Among them are amorphous metal materials obtained by rapid condensation process, as well as quasi-crystal, microcrystalline, nanocrystalline metal materials, etc.; and special functional alloys such as stealth, hydrogen, superconductivity, shape memory, wear resistance, vibration damping and the like. And metal matrix composite materials.

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