Hardware accessories are the key components that determine the performance of doors and windows. The design of doors and windows is first of all based on the architectural design of the performance of doors and windows. To meet the functional requirements of the building, the performance of doors and windows and related design requirements are reasonably determined. The hardware fittings are the parts that are responsible for the close connection of the frame of the door and the window and the fan. Without it, the doors and windows will only become dead fans, which will lose the significance of the doors and windows.
Door and window hardware accessories mainly include: door closers, window openers, hinges, hinges, guide rails, latches, pullers, sealing strips, pulleys, hand cranks, handles, glass clips, etc.
(a) What is a door closer?
Automatic door closers, also known as door springs, can be generally classified into door top door closers, door bottom springs, and floor springs, depending on the mounting position. The external door closer is equipped with a hydraulic buffer oil pump device that automatically closes the door when it is opened. Its main features are the slow speed of the door closing and no collision sound after it is closed. It can be used in schools, hotels, office buildings and hotels. Embedded door top door closers, because the embedded door top door closers are installed in the door leaf and door frame slot, so when the door is closed does not affect the appearance of the door. It is suitable for use on the door of high-end hotel rooms. Bottom spring or automatic door bow, divided into horizontal and straight two. Its role is equivalent to the double spring hinge, so that the door leaf will automatically close after opening. When it is not necessary to close the door leaf automatically, open the door leaf to 90°. The door bottom spring can be used on a spring wooden door or a two-way open door inside or outside. Springs are made up of two major parts. Its upper structure is a top shaft and a top shaft plate, and the lower structure is a rotary shaft and a base. The floor spring not only allows the door leaf to close automatically, runs smoothly, and has no noise, but it also adjusts the speed at which the door leaf automatically closes. When the opening angle of the door leaf is less than 90°, the doors and windows can be automatically closed in both directions; when the door leaf is opened to 90°, the door leaf can be fixed, and this kind of floor spring is buried in the ground due to the main structure and can maintain the beautiful appearance of the door leaf. On the door of a higher building.
(b) What is a window opener? What kind of window opener is divided into?
1. Manually open the window
The purpose of the manual window opener is to open a higher ventilation window through certain devices. According to the principle of the thermal effect of air, hot air and light harmful gases that should be excluded can be effectively eliminated only through high-position windows. The manual window opener generally includes five parts: an open window execution member (such as a scissor-type window opener), a corner connector, an operating member, a connecting rod, and a decorative cover plate. The window-opening actuator determines the width of the window, the weight of the window lifter, and the locking function. The corner connector is a transmission component whose deformation determines the ability of the window regulator to adapt to different window types and different installation conditions. The operating part can be in the form of a handle or a rocker. Move-in operation components are simple and cost-effective. The power output of the joystick-type operating parts is even and not easily damaged, and the machining accuracy is high and the cost is high. The manual window opener is suitable for the lower hanging inner window and the upper hanging outer window. Suspended windows must be equipped with special external accessories. From the analysis of the force of the window opener, the hinge is located at the lower part of the lower suspension and the internal window is more labor-saving. The hinge is located on the top of the upper hanging window is more difficult, in particular, we must pay attention to the use of four-bar linkage must be cautious, because the four-bar linkage in the window opening will make the center of gravity of the form a larger settlement, if the form To a certain degree of weight, the power of the window opener may not be enough to enhance the form to close the window.
2. Electric window opener
The simplest electric window opener is a mechanical window opening actuator with a drive motor and a switch. There are also rack and pinion window openers and chain openers. However, from the perspective of product stability and service life, the window openers need to be dust-proof, moisture-proof and even waterproof. Dust accumulates will cause the window opener to wear out, moisture will cause the window opener to rust, and the water will short circuit the window opener. Condensation caused by changes in indoor relative humidity is often a result of poor thermal insulation of the window or changes in the indoor environment, especially in greenhouse construction. A thorough and thorough analysis and understanding of the environmental conditions used by the window opener is crucial to the choice of window drive. The internationally closed dust-proof, moisture-proof and waterproof window opener has an internal screw type window opener. The thrust of this window opener can reach 1000 Newtons, noise floor, and low power consumption. The selection of the window opener must also pay attention to its ease of installation, because the installation conditions on the construction site may be very limited.
There are currently two types of automatic window opener control systems. Greenhouse control system is based on the measured temperature, humidity, sunlight, the intensity of the wind, the value of the degree of rain, and compared with the preset value, so as to open the window and close the window control system.
The automatic smoke exhaust and heat removal system is a newly developed concept of fire protection in the world. That is, when smoke and heat are generated in a fire, the windows used for exhaust heat are automatically opened. Due to the increasingly comprehensive fire protection requirements for modern building materials, the fire resistance of the material is precisely defined in terms of flame retardancy. Therefore, in the event of a fire, smoke and harmful substances contained in it will cause more direct injury to people. Or that harmful smoke hinders active life-saving behavior and passive escape behavior. From the study of the development process of fire, it can be seen that, at the beginning of a fire, a large amount of smoke and heat energy are generated first. Smoke rises due to heat and accumulates on the upper floors of buildings.
(3) The main varieties of hinged hardware include door hinges, drawer guides and cabinet door hinges. Door hinges are available in both copper and stainless steel. Single sheet hinge area standard is 10cm×3cm and 10cm×4cm, center axis diameter is between 1.1cm and 1.3cm, and hinge wall thickness is 2.5mm to 3mm. When the hinge is selected, it is easy to open without noise. It is better to have a ball bearing in the shaft of the page. Drawer rails are divided into two sections: two section rails and three section rails. The brightness of the exterior paint and plating is selected. The clearance and strength of the load-bearing wheels determine the flexibility and noise of the drawer opening and closing. The wear-resistant and evenly rotating load-bearing wheels should be selected. .
Door hinges are divided into two kinds: detachable type and non-detachable type. They are divided into large bend, medium bend and straight bend after the door is closed. The bend is mainly based on mid-bend. In addition to the visual inspection and smoothness of the surface of the hinge, the hinge should be carefully removed. The hinge can be opened by 95 degrees and the hinges can be pressed by hand. It is observed that the support spring is not deformed or broken. It is very strong. For qualified products.
(d) Sealing strips
The seals are all made of imported materials. They have strong anti-aging properties and durability. After installation, your doors are still open and easy to use, beautiful and energy-saving.
(five) puller
The screw lifter is the only adjustable, and only, "pretension" puller that can increase or decrease the pulling force of the puller by rotating the number of turns.
Screw lifters are generally available in sizes from 7 inches to 61 inches (177.8-1549.4 mm), and load capacities range from a minimum of 1.8 kilograms to a maximum of 27.2 kilograms (total combined weight of 2 screws). Different from the load-bearing class, there are ordinary type and secondary heavy-duty pullers. Ordinary screws can provide 40% of the lifting force for the sash, such as a single fan weighing 10 kg, of which only 6 kg of force is required, and the remaining 40% of the auxiliary force is provided by a screw type puller. The secondary heavy-duty puller provides 60% of pulling assist force. Compared with ordinary type puller, it means that the user can use a smaller force to lift a larger window sash and get a more relaxed experience.
Screw lifters have proven to be the most reliable and safe lifting window hardware in practice. Through the combination of various hardware accessories, the functions of internal and non-inverted are realized. Its practicality, durability, and ease of installation make it widely used in aluminum windows, plastic steels, solid wood, and wood-aluminum composites, and is popular with users.
(6) Handle
Handle materials are zinc alloy, copper, aluminum, stainless steel, plastic, logs, ceramics and so on. In order to match with various styles of furniture, the shape and color of the handle are varied and colorful. Electroplated and electrostatically sprayed handles have a wear-resistant and anti-corrosive effect. When selected, they should be able to withstand large pulling forces in addition to the decorative style of the room. Generally, the handle should be able to withstand more than 6 kilograms of pulling force.