The research and development of microbial fertilizers for a long time is mainly in the case of rhizobial fertilizers. In the past 20 years, with the continuous development of new technologies such as biotechnology, the research and application of microbial fertilizers have been greatly developed. The main technical trends are:
1. The types of microbial fertilizers are increasing, and PGPR is a research hotspot. Rhizobium fertilizer has been widely used in various legume crops and pastures. The microbial species used in the development of microbial fertilizers include bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes; the products are used in various types such as phosphorus dissolving, potassium dissolving, promoting growth, disease prevention, and straw decomposing. PGPR has nutrition, growth promotion, disease prevention, and degradation. Multiple functions of soil contaminants. It is currently a hot spot in microbial fertilizer research. Developed countries focus on screening and utilizing biotechnology to construct efficient PGPR strains, and to develop new novel microbial fertilizers with PGPR function.
2. Strengthen basic research on the application of microbial fertilizers. The role of microbial fertilizers is subject to many conditions. Studying these constraints, such as the relationship between microorganisms and hosts, the mechanism of variety rotation and broad-spectrum, and the environmental conditions and constraints that fertilizer microorganisms play into the soil, are important for the effects of microbial fertilizers. As the field of microbial fertilizers continues to expand, basic research is becoming more and more important.
3. Biotechnology plays an important role in the screening of strains. The use of molecular biotechnology to genetically analyze the genetic resources of fertilizers, cloning genes, using genetic engineering techniques to improve and construct efficient monarchs has made great progress in developed countries.
4. Develop new dosage forms of microbial fertilizers, improve production conditions and processes, construct multi-functional combination microbial materials, and formulate microbial fertilizers in addition to grassy charcoal carrier powders, and develop liquid dosage forms, lyophilized dosage forms, mineral oil cover dosage forms, granule dosage forms, etc. To adapt to different conditions. Adhesives, nutritional additive technology to improve the inoculation effect are also constantly developing. The development of multifunctional strains combined with microbial fertilizers is an important development trend, such as "Rhizobium + PGPR" compound fertilizer. The application of the combined flora is a relatively complicated problem. On the basis of in-depth understanding of the characteristics of microorganisms, the combination of carriers, dosage forms, processes and other technical means is used to make the combined flora play a reciprocal and synergistic effect.
5. Strengthening product quality testing technology research In the past 10 years, molecular biology technology has provided advanced and reliable means for microbial fertilizer quality inspection. RFLP technology can strictly distinguish the same serogroup strain in rhizobium fertilizer; PCR technology and genetic marker technology are fast and accurate technologies developed in recent years. Microbial fertilizers are a fertilizer product that is easy to falsify and fail. Many countries have established their own industry or national standards, as well as the corresponding product quality inspection and supervision agencies.
Organic fertilizer research technology trends
Since the 1990s, organic fertilizers at home and abroad have been developing in the direction of industrialization, industrialization, and commercialization. Main technical trends:
1. The production of commercial organic fertilizer combined with the treatment of livestock and poultry waste, the development of modern agriculture, the emergence of a large surplus of crop straw; the development of large-scale livestock and poultry farming, large amount of feces. Therefore, the centralized treatment technology for waste industrialization has been continuously developed abroad. Developed countries combine waste industrialization with organic fertilizer production to develop commercial organic fertilizers.
2, the rapid teaching and deodorization technology Standing Committee to develop the technical key to commercial organic fertilizer, only to achieve high-quality rapid fermentation, can increase fertilizer production capacity and scale. Therefore, rapid fermentation technology is the key to the technical production of commercial organic fertilizers. Developed countries are committed to researching high-temperature aerobic rapid continuous fermentation technology. The technical focus is to screen and use biotechnology to construct high-temperature fermentation bacteria, secondly to screen cheap chemical materials that promote fermentation, to develop bio-chemical-physical continuous rapid fermentation systems, and third, to reduce energy consumption, continuous fermentation, and large-scale fermentation equipment. The development of bioreactors, deodorization is another key technology in the fermentation process, and it is also developing towards bio-chemical-physical combined deodorization.
3. The key technology of fertilizer production lies in fertilizer malformation, organic-inorganic compatibility, and fermented materials are made into commercial organic fertilizer products, which are processed into many models according to needs. Combine with microbial fertilizer to develop bio-organic fertilizer; scientifically combine with inorganic fertilizer to make organic compound crop special fertilizer, organic compound slow-release fertilizer; make granular organic fertilizer or organic compound fertilizer through granulation binder is organic compound Fertilizer and so on.
Article source: China Fertilizer Information Network
1. The types of microbial fertilizers are increasing, and PGPR is a research hotspot. Rhizobium fertilizer has been widely used in various legume crops and pastures. The microbial species used in the development of microbial fertilizers include bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes; the products are used in various types such as phosphorus dissolving, potassium dissolving, promoting growth, disease prevention, and straw decomposing. PGPR has nutrition, growth promotion, disease prevention, and degradation. Multiple functions of soil contaminants. It is currently a hot spot in microbial fertilizer research. Developed countries focus on screening and utilizing biotechnology to construct efficient PGPR strains, and to develop new novel microbial fertilizers with PGPR function.
2. Strengthen basic research on the application of microbial fertilizers. The role of microbial fertilizers is subject to many conditions. Studying these constraints, such as the relationship between microorganisms and hosts, the mechanism of variety rotation and broad-spectrum, and the environmental conditions and constraints that fertilizer microorganisms play into the soil, are important for the effects of microbial fertilizers. As the field of microbial fertilizers continues to expand, basic research is becoming more and more important.
3. Biotechnology plays an important role in the screening of strains. The use of molecular biotechnology to genetically analyze the genetic resources of fertilizers, cloning genes, using genetic engineering techniques to improve and construct efficient monarchs has made great progress in developed countries.
4. Develop new dosage forms of microbial fertilizers, improve production conditions and processes, construct multi-functional combination microbial materials, and formulate microbial fertilizers in addition to grassy charcoal carrier powders, and develop liquid dosage forms, lyophilized dosage forms, mineral oil cover dosage forms, granule dosage forms, etc. To adapt to different conditions. Adhesives, nutritional additive technology to improve the inoculation effect are also constantly developing. The development of multifunctional strains combined with microbial fertilizers is an important development trend, such as "Rhizobium + PGPR" compound fertilizer. The application of the combined flora is a relatively complicated problem. On the basis of in-depth understanding of the characteristics of microorganisms, the combination of carriers, dosage forms, processes and other technical means is used to make the combined flora play a reciprocal and synergistic effect.
5. Strengthening product quality testing technology research In the past 10 years, molecular biology technology has provided advanced and reliable means for microbial fertilizer quality inspection. RFLP technology can strictly distinguish the same serogroup strain in rhizobium fertilizer; PCR technology and genetic marker technology are fast and accurate technologies developed in recent years. Microbial fertilizers are a fertilizer product that is easy to falsify and fail. Many countries have established their own industry or national standards, as well as the corresponding product quality inspection and supervision agencies.
Organic fertilizer research technology trends
Since the 1990s, organic fertilizers at home and abroad have been developing in the direction of industrialization, industrialization, and commercialization. Main technical trends:
1. The production of commercial organic fertilizer combined with the treatment of livestock and poultry waste, the development of modern agriculture, the emergence of a large surplus of crop straw; the development of large-scale livestock and poultry farming, large amount of feces. Therefore, the centralized treatment technology for waste industrialization has been continuously developed abroad. Developed countries combine waste industrialization with organic fertilizer production to develop commercial organic fertilizers.
2, the rapid teaching and deodorization technology Standing Committee to develop the technical key to commercial organic fertilizer, only to achieve high-quality rapid fermentation, can increase fertilizer production capacity and scale. Therefore, rapid fermentation technology is the key to the technical production of commercial organic fertilizers. Developed countries are committed to researching high-temperature aerobic rapid continuous fermentation technology. The technical focus is to screen and use biotechnology to construct high-temperature fermentation bacteria, secondly to screen cheap chemical materials that promote fermentation, to develop bio-chemical-physical continuous rapid fermentation systems, and third, to reduce energy consumption, continuous fermentation, and large-scale fermentation equipment. The development of bioreactors, deodorization is another key technology in the fermentation process, and it is also developing towards bio-chemical-physical combined deodorization.
3. The key technology of fertilizer production lies in fertilizer malformation, organic-inorganic compatibility, and fermented materials are made into commercial organic fertilizer products, which are processed into many models according to needs. Combine with microbial fertilizer to develop bio-organic fertilizer; scientifically combine with inorganic fertilizer to make organic compound crop special fertilizer, organic compound slow-release fertilizer; make granular organic fertilizer or organic compound fertilizer through granulation binder is organic compound Fertilizer and so on.
Article source: China Fertilizer Information Network
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