The stalk-based rot disease of hydroponic amaranth is one of the most common and destructive diseases affecting leeks. This condition primarily affects the base of the stem, leading to wilting, dehydration, and eventual plant death. To effectively manage this issue, a comprehensive approach involving **pesticides** is recommended. The China Pesticide Network provides valuable guidance on disease prevention and control, helping farmers reduce crop losses.
**Symptoms**:
The primary signs of infection appear at the base of the stem. Affected plants show signs of dehydration and wilting. Upon closer inspection, the stem base turns brown and becomes necrotic. The root cortex may decay and fall away, and new roots fail to develop, further weakening the plant.
**Pathogen and Disease Characteristics**:
Although the exact pathogen is not fully identified, it is believed that *Myrothecium roridum* is a key causative agent. This fungus survives in the soil as mycelium and spores, enduring winter conditions. It spreads through conidia, which can infect plants via wind or rain. However, the specific pathogenic characteristics of this disease in hydroponic amaranth are still under investigation, and more research is needed to confirm its similarity to traditional stalk rot diseases.
**Control Methods**:
To prevent and manage this disease, the following strategies are recommended:
1. **Crop Rotation**: Avoid planting leeks in the same area consecutively to break the disease cycle.
2. **Sanitation**: After harvest, remove all diseased and dead plants, then till the soil to reduce pathogen buildup.
3. **Soil Disinfection**: Before planting, treat the soil with appropriate disinfectants, either by drenching or spraying.
4. **Early Detection and Removal**: Regularly inspect crops and immediately remove any infected plants. Apply fungicides to the affected area and surrounding plants (about 1–2 rows). Recommended fungicide options include:
- 40% Triadimefon + Carbendazim WP diluted 1000 times.
- 69% Anke MnZn + 75% Chlorothalonil (1:1) at 1000–1500 times dilution.
- 25% Shibao Suspension diluted 1000 times.
- 50% Shi Baog Emulsifiable Oil diluted 2000 times.
These treatments should be applied 2–3 times, every 7–10 days, especially during dense growth periods.
For hydroponic systems, where traditional soil-based methods are not applicable, the **China Pesticide Network** suggests using **nutrient solution disinfection** or temporarily lowering the water level in the hydroponic system for several hours or half a day. Afterward, spray the base of the stems with a protective solution and allow the system to return to normal operation after 2–3 hours. This method helps to reduce moisture around the stem, limiting fungal growth and preventing disease spread.
By combining proper cultural practices with targeted chemical control, growers can significantly reduce the impact of stalk-based rot disease in hydroponic amaranth. Ongoing research and adaptation of techniques will continue to improve management strategies in the future.
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