Plant foliar spray fertilizer has the outstanding advantages of less dosage, quick effect, high fertilizer efficiency and good effect. It has been widely promoted and applied in recent years. However, some farmers mistakenly believe that foliar spray fertilizer is like adding nutrients to humans. “It is beneficial and harmless, and more good and good.†Therefore, there are random selection of fertilizer types, random increase of fertilizer dosage, random determination of spraying time, and random use. Increasing the number of times of spraying, not only affects the effect of foliar spray, but sometimes even causes different degrees of damage to plants. A large number of surveys show that the implementation of foliar spray fertilizer on plants, at least pay attention to the following points:
1. Types of fertilizers: Many farmers believe that no matter what kind of fertilizer, as long as they are “turned onâ€, they can be sprayed with foliar fertilizer, but it is not. For example, some highly volatile fertilizers (such as ammonia, ammonium bicarbonate), after spraying, will cause damage to crops when exposed to high temperatures, and can not be used as foliar fertilizer. In addition, some crops (such as tea, tobacco, artichoke, citrus) are chlorine-free plants, and potassium chloride, calcium chloride and other chlorinated fertilizers cannot be sprayed on such crops. In addition, it is necessary to look at the fertilizer used for seedlings: if the crop grows slowly, it is thin, short, and the color of the leaves is yellow, which is nitrogen deficiency. The foliar spray fertilizer should be mainly nitrogen, with a small amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer; otherwise, if the plant leaves are large, It is green, with long internodes and sufficient nitrogen nutrition. Foliar spray fertilizer should be replaced by phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.
2, fertilizer concentration: Some farmers believe that the concentration of fertilizer is larger, the effect of spraying fertilizer is better. However, different crops have different tolerances to different fertilizers at different times. If the concentration of the fertilizer solution is too high, it will often cause fat damage to the leaves. In particular, when the temperature is high, the plant leaves are sprayed with fertilizer. In the appropriate concentration range, in principle, it should be grasped that “it is low or not highâ€. In addition, in the plant seedling stage, the leaf tissue is young and the concentration of spray fertilizer should be appropriately lower; the concentration of spraying in the middle and late stages can be appropriately higher; when the growth of crops is normal, the concentration should be lower, when there is defermentation deficiency syndrome, The concentration should be higher and higher; the concentration of spraying micro-element fertilizer should be lower, and the concentration of spraying macro-element fertilizer can be higher; the dicotyledon should be applied at a lower concentration; the monocotyledon should be sprayed at a higher concentration. . Different foliar fertilizers, spraying concentration is generally: urea 0.5% -2.0%, superphosphate 1% -5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2% -0.5%, boric acid 0.1% -0.5%, molybdate amine 0.02% - 0.05%, zinc sulfate 0.05% - 0.2%.
3. Spraying time: Some farmers think that foliar spray fertilizer can be applied at any time and at any time during plant growth and development, but it is not. From the point of spraying fertilizer, it is generally best to spray fertilizer when the plant grows and develops and the leaf area is large. Spraying fertilizer when the leaf area of ​​the plant is small is not only wasteful of the fertilizer, but also the effect is not ideal. In addition, different plants and different fertilizers have a certain difference in the appropriate period of fertilizer application. Rice, wheat, corn and other cereal crops should be sprayed at the booting, flowering and filling stages. Soybeans, peanuts, broad beans, kidney beans and other legume crops should be sprayed during flowering and podging. Cotton should be sprayed at the flowering and ringing stage. Molybdenum fertilizer should be sprayed before the plants bloom. Boron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer should be sprayed best at the initial flowering stage. From the time of spraying fertilizer, it should be sprayed in the morning and evening of the hot sun in the hot sun after the dry dew on the windless cloudy day or sunny morning. If there are water drops or dew on the leaves when spraying, it will reduce the concentration of the fertilizer and will not reach the fertilization effect. If the fertilizer is sprayed at high temperature in the hot sun, the humidity of the air is small, not only the waste of the fertilizer liquid is wasted, but also the fertilizer liquid is dried quickly after spraying. The leaves are difficult to absorb, which will reduce the fertilizer utilization rate, and sometimes the fertilizer liquid on the leaves. The water evaporates too quickly and the concentration increases rapidly, causing "burning leaves".
4, the number of spraying: Many farmers believe that the more the number of foliar spray fertilizer, the better. In fact, plants with short growth periods can be sprayed 1-2 times. Plants with a long growing period can be sprayed 2-3 times. Moreover, each spraying time should generally be separated by 7-10 days. For trace element fertilizers, the spraying times should not be too much, and the concentration should not be too large. Otherwise, not only will the yield increase effect be caused, but the plant trace elements will be poisoned.
In addition to considering the above factors, it should also be noted that although the foliar fertilizer is small, it must be fully dissolved and mixed to spray. Second, the plant leaves have less horniness on the back surface and more stomata, which is easy to absorb. Therefore, foliar spray fertilizer should be The leaf back is the main, the leaf surface is supplemented; the third is that some foliar fertilizer can be mixed with fertilizer or pesticide, but there are many that can not be mixed at will, otherwise it will affect the fertilizer effect and efficacy, and sometimes cause damage to plants.
(Huashan County Agricultural Bureau, Hubei Province, Xiong Fei)
1. Types of fertilizers: Many farmers believe that no matter what kind of fertilizer, as long as they are “turned onâ€, they can be sprayed with foliar fertilizer, but it is not. For example, some highly volatile fertilizers (such as ammonia, ammonium bicarbonate), after spraying, will cause damage to crops when exposed to high temperatures, and can not be used as foliar fertilizer. In addition, some crops (such as tea, tobacco, artichoke, citrus) are chlorine-free plants, and potassium chloride, calcium chloride and other chlorinated fertilizers cannot be sprayed on such crops. In addition, it is necessary to look at the fertilizer used for seedlings: if the crop grows slowly, it is thin, short, and the color of the leaves is yellow, which is nitrogen deficiency. The foliar spray fertilizer should be mainly nitrogen, with a small amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer; otherwise, if the plant leaves are large, It is green, with long internodes and sufficient nitrogen nutrition. Foliar spray fertilizer should be replaced by phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.
2, fertilizer concentration: Some farmers believe that the concentration of fertilizer is larger, the effect of spraying fertilizer is better. However, different crops have different tolerances to different fertilizers at different times. If the concentration of the fertilizer solution is too high, it will often cause fat damage to the leaves. In particular, when the temperature is high, the plant leaves are sprayed with fertilizer. In the appropriate concentration range, in principle, it should be grasped that “it is low or not highâ€. In addition, in the plant seedling stage, the leaf tissue is young and the concentration of spray fertilizer should be appropriately lower; the concentration of spraying in the middle and late stages can be appropriately higher; when the growth of crops is normal, the concentration should be lower, when there is defermentation deficiency syndrome, The concentration should be higher and higher; the concentration of spraying micro-element fertilizer should be lower, and the concentration of spraying macro-element fertilizer can be higher; the dicotyledon should be applied at a lower concentration; the monocotyledon should be sprayed at a higher concentration. . Different foliar fertilizers, spraying concentration is generally: urea 0.5% -2.0%, superphosphate 1% -5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2% -0.5%, boric acid 0.1% -0.5%, molybdate amine 0.02% - 0.05%, zinc sulfate 0.05% - 0.2%.
3. Spraying time: Some farmers think that foliar spray fertilizer can be applied at any time and at any time during plant growth and development, but it is not. From the point of spraying fertilizer, it is generally best to spray fertilizer when the plant grows and develops and the leaf area is large. Spraying fertilizer when the leaf area of ​​the plant is small is not only wasteful of the fertilizer, but also the effect is not ideal. In addition, different plants and different fertilizers have a certain difference in the appropriate period of fertilizer application. Rice, wheat, corn and other cereal crops should be sprayed at the booting, flowering and filling stages. Soybeans, peanuts, broad beans, kidney beans and other legume crops should be sprayed during flowering and podging. Cotton should be sprayed at the flowering and ringing stage. Molybdenum fertilizer should be sprayed before the plants bloom. Boron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer should be sprayed best at the initial flowering stage. From the time of spraying fertilizer, it should be sprayed in the morning and evening of the hot sun in the hot sun after the dry dew on the windless cloudy day or sunny morning. If there are water drops or dew on the leaves when spraying, it will reduce the concentration of the fertilizer and will not reach the fertilization effect. If the fertilizer is sprayed at high temperature in the hot sun, the humidity of the air is small, not only the waste of the fertilizer liquid is wasted, but also the fertilizer liquid is dried quickly after spraying. The leaves are difficult to absorb, which will reduce the fertilizer utilization rate, and sometimes the fertilizer liquid on the leaves. The water evaporates too quickly and the concentration increases rapidly, causing "burning leaves".
4, the number of spraying: Many farmers believe that the more the number of foliar spray fertilizer, the better. In fact, plants with short growth periods can be sprayed 1-2 times. Plants with a long growing period can be sprayed 2-3 times. Moreover, each spraying time should generally be separated by 7-10 days. For trace element fertilizers, the spraying times should not be too much, and the concentration should not be too large. Otherwise, not only will the yield increase effect be caused, but the plant trace elements will be poisoned.
In addition to considering the above factors, it should also be noted that although the foliar fertilizer is small, it must be fully dissolved and mixed to spray. Second, the plant leaves have less horniness on the back surface and more stomata, which is easy to absorb. Therefore, foliar spray fertilizer should be The leaf back is the main, the leaf surface is supplemented; the third is that some foliar fertilizer can be mixed with fertilizer or pesticide, but there are many that can not be mixed at will, otherwise it will affect the fertilizer effect and efficacy, and sometimes cause damage to plants.
(Huashan County Agricultural Bureau, Hubei Province, Xiong Fei)
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