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Training skills for steel for bearings (1)
Source: Bearing network time: 2013-02-11
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L10 (relative life) = 372 [O] - 1. 6
Where [O] is the oxygen content in the steel; 10-6.
One of the most obvious effects of the selection of various leading exercise skills is the decrease in oxygen content in steel; from 30×10-6 in the early 1960s to today (3~5)×10- 6; L10 is more than 30 times before vacuum degassing.
1. Vacuum degassing and exquisite skills outside the furnace. In 1964, the ladle degassing method was used; that is, the ladle was placed in a vacuum chamber; the inert gas was used for stirring; the pressure was lowered to 66. 5 Pa (0.5 Torr). Gas; the oxygen content in the steel is reduced from (25~35)×10-6 to (15~20)×10-6. The disadvantage of this method is that the alkaline slag is also stirred; the purity of the steel It is difficult to make the most extreme progress. To deal with this problem; in 1968, the introduction of the promotion degassing method (RH method) under the high vacuum of 13. 3 Pa (0.1 Torr); the hydrogen and oxygen in the steel were removed; The slag is not taken up by people. The application of 60t high-power electric furnace plus RH degassing; the oxygen content in steel is reduced from (15~20)×10-6 to (8.3~15)×10-6.1974 In the future; in order to cooperate with the rational use of ultra-high-power electric furnace; introduce the ladle essence skill (LF method); that is, the ladle has heating, stirring and vacuum degassing device; complete the recovery period in the ladle; constitute the restorative slag; and deoxidize, Desulfurization and dehydrogenation; it can also control the temperature of molten steel, the composition accuracy of molten steel and the pouring time. During this period, UHP furnace is combined with +LF+RH method; The oxygen content is reduced to (5~10)×10-6; this is indispensable for matching with successive castings. In addition, in order to further improve the effect of vacuum degassing, the atomization vacuum degassing method is also developed and selected. Circulating vacuum degassing method (commonly known as DH method) produces vacuum degassing bearing steel.
2, vacuum exercise in the bearing steel exercise; apply vacuum; not only can prevent the oxidation of molten steel can also deoxidize the molten steel; achieve higher purity than vacuum degassing. The specific methods are as follows:
2.1 vacuum induction method (VIM method)
In the vacuum induction exercise; choose scrap steel with no chemical, chemical composition and exercise alloy steel grade to be sent into the small electric induction furnace; the furnace is placed in a large vacuum chamber; the vacuum chamber contains a sealing hopper to increase the required alloy .
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