The origins of nitrocellulose lacquer date back over a century. In 1935, China began producing and applying this material, while in the U.S., production had already reached an impressive 42.3 million gallons (approximately 160 million liters). Nitrocellulose lacquer quickly became popular due to its quick-drying properties, excellent decorative appeal, strong resistance to outdoor elements, and its ability to be polished and waxed to correct any imperfections in the paint film. Back then, only nitrocellulose paint could be sprayed, making it ideal for large-scale projects. In fact, DuPont's products were even used on the world’s first automotive body painting line.
By the 1950s, thanks to advancements in the coatings industry, domestic companies in China were better equipped to refine existing products, develop new ones, adopt innovative techniques, and invest in new machinery to enhance the quality and variety of nitrocellulose lacquers. During this period, a range of products emerged, including nitro primers and putties, nitro industrial paints (for indoor use), automotive spray paints (exterior nitrocellulose paints), wood lacquers, pencil paints, leather paints, and plastic paints. Until the 1970s, nitrocellulose lacquer was considered a high-end decorative coating, with its production increasing year by year. By the mid-1980s, statistics showed that its output as a percentage of total coating production remained fairly consistent across 18 categories.
In recent years, the coatings industry has continued to evolve alongside technological progress, prompting the creation of new products to meet societal demands. A wave of synthetic resin coatings has emerged, pushing the boundaries of what coatings can achieve. To align with national industrial construction goals, the former Ministry of Chemical Industry outlined an optimization strategy in its product structure adjustment plan: "Restrict the first four categories (oil-based paints, natural resin paints, phenolic paints, and asphalt paints), revamp nitrocellulose-based paints and perchloroethylene varnishes, further enhance their quality, and focus on developing synthetic resin paints." This shift toward synthetic resin paints has gradually reduced the market share of nitrocellulose lacquers. For instance, in the early 1960s, Beijing Red Lion Coatings Co., Ltd., the predecessor of Beijing Red Paint Co., collaborated with Beijing Auto Repair Factory to pioneer the use of urethane paints and amino-baked varnishes on trolleys and buses in Beijing. These innovations significantly improved durability, weather resistance, and maintenance intervals for these vehicles.
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