Many people who are into home decoration often notice that wallpaper sometimes gives off a strong smell. For this reason, home review experts at Sina Home remind everyone to pay close attention when purchasing wallpaper. Wallpaper with a strong odor might indicate excessive formaldehyde levels. When buying wallpaper, it’s important to visually inspect, touch, and even smell it. Additionally, wiping the surface with a damp cloth can help determine its quality. The reviewer will now provide you with some basic knowledge about wallpaper to help avoid formaldehyde pollution.
Wallpaper can be categorized based on its surface covering into the following types:
1. Pure Paper Wallpaper
These wallpapers are directly embossed or printed onto a flat paper substrate. The paper substrate can either be single-layered or double-layered. Nowadays, more and more products are using double-layered paper composite technology to enhance their quality. The main features of pure paper wallpaper include excellent breathability, good environmental performance, and vibrant colors.
2. PVC Wallpaper
(1) PVC-Coated Wallpaper (Based on Pure Paper, Non-Woven Fabric, or Woven Fabric)
This type uses pure paper, non-woven fabric, or woven fabric as the substrate. A layer of PVC paste resin is sprayed onto the substrate's surface, followed by printing and embossing processes. After foaming treatment, this wallpaper can create a striking three-dimensional effect, allowing for realistic textures like wood grain, brocade, or tiles. It has strong texture and good breathability, making it resistant to grease and moisture. It can be used in kitchens and bathrooms and is suitable for nearly all homes.
(2) PVC Rubber-Surface Wallpaper (Based on Pure Paper or Fabric)
This wallpaper features a layer of polyvinyl chloride film applied to the bottom layer of pure paper (or non-woven fabric, woven fabric). It is made through compounding, embossing, and printing. This type of wallpaper boasts fine prints, an embossed texture, water resistance, durability, and ease of maintenance. It is currently the most widely used and versatile wallpaper, suitable for both residential and commercial settings.
3. Non-Woven Wallpaper
This wallpaper is directly printed on various types of non-woven materials. The substrate is available in single-layer and double-layer non-woven fabrics, both of which can be directly embossed, printed, or textured on the surface. Its characteristics include soft colors, a soft texture, excellent breathability, and tear resistance, along with great spatial stability (anti-shrinkage). Construction requirements for the wall surface are minimal, and its service life is very long. During a second renovation, the entire wallpaper can be peeled off without damaging the wall.
4. Natural Fabric Wallpaper
Natural fabric wallpaper is made from natural materials such as grass, wood, leaves, stone, bamboo, or precious tree wood, which are cut into thin slices or attached to the surface of pure paper or non-woven substrates. Some manufacturers also use silk, wool, cotton, and hemp fibers to create a very thin surface layer, which is then bonded to a paper-based or non-woven base to form a fabric wallpaper. This wallpaper is characterized by a simple and natural style, rich in natural charm, high environmental performance, no plastic smell, no static electricity, and good air permeability.
5. Metal Texture Wallpaper
Metal texture wallpaper is primarily composed of gold and silver. Through vacuum coating and other processes, combined with traditional wallpaper manufacturing techniques, the texture of metallic materials such as gold, silver, copper, tin, and aluminum is achieved on the wallpaper surface. Its main features include a bright metallic texture, reflectivity, stable performance, no discoloration, high value, fireproofing, and waterproofing.
6. Specialty Material Wallpaper
Specialty wallpapers are produced by manufacturers to meet diverse customer needs. One type is made by gluing PU (polyurethane) particles, mica, sandstone, sandblasting, crystals, and other materials onto the wallpaper surface, creating unique decorative and visual effects. Another type incorporates functional substances such as diatomaceous earth or negative ion materials during production, resulting in special functions like humidity control, moisturizing, antibacterial properties, mildew resistance, and air purification.
It is understood that wallpaper pollution mainly stems from two aspects. First, some materials in the wallpaper itself release volatile compounds, such as toluene, xylene, formaldehyde, etc., especially plastic wallpapers (polyvinyl chloride rubber wallpapers), which may contain residual lead, antimony, vinyl chloride, and other harmful substances. Second, pollution caused by wallpaper adhesives: to improve permeability, manufacturers often use large amounts of volatile organic solvents in production, meaning the adhesive may release formaldehyde, benzene, vinyl chloride, etc., during the curing period.
Experts advise consumers to be cautious when purchasing wallpaper. Always ask the store to show you the original boxed product or check the barcode of the entire roll without opening it. When buying wallpaper, pay attention to four key points: check for color differences, wrinkles, and bubbles on the surface; ensure the patterns are clear and uniformly colored; feel the texture with your hands—good quality wallpaper should feel smooth and have a substantial thickness; check for any unpleasant odors—if the wallpaper smells strongly, it might contain high levels of volatile substances like formaldehyde and vinyl chloride; finally, wipe the wallpaper with a damp cloth to see if it changes color.
In addition, indoor decoration involves multiple sources of pollution. Besides choosing reputable brands when purchasing wallpaper and furniture, maintaining proper indoor ventilation is crucial, even after ventilation has been established.
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