Talking about the performance characteristics and maintenance of high-rise fire-fighting vehicles. 1. Characteristics and performance of the high-lifting vehicle. In recent years, with the rapid development of the national economy, high-rise buildings have become increasingly common. To meet the demand for fighting fires in high places, the number of aerial firefighting vehicles has been growing, playing an important role in fire suppression. However, due to their complex structure and high operational requirements, improper use can easily lead to accidents. On May 18, 2009, during a routine inspection by the second squadron of the Changsha detachment in Hunan Province, a 52-meter curved-arm aerial vehicle malfunctioned, causing the work basket to tip over. This resulted in three technicians and two firefighters falling from a height of 30 meters, leading to their tragic deaths. On November 22, 2005, a soldier from the Fusong County Fire Station in Jilin Province was injured when the boom of an aerial ladder suddenly bent during training, causing the platform to fall and the soldier to be severely injured. Despite being rescued, he later died. These incidents caused immense grief and disrupted normal operations within the fire department.
Analyzing such accidents highlights the importance of proper training and maintenance. Drawing from my experience in vehicle management, I have conducted a basic study on the performance, usage precautions, and maintenance of these vehicles, and I am willing to share these insights with fellow professionals.
First, the characteristics and performance of the aerial vehicle. An aerial fire truck is equipped with a support system, a rotating platform, a lifting boom, and a fire extinguishing device, allowing it to perform both firefighting and rescue operations. These vehicles are typically divided into three types: ladder trucks, elevated platform trucks, and high-reach water cannons. The development of high-rise fire trucks dates back over a century. In recent years, with advancements in technology and practical needs, a new type of straight-curved arm aerial vehicle has emerged, featuring a flexible front-end arm that can bend. Some models also include ladders, while large-scale units are equipped with water tanks and pumps, enhancing their effectiveness in rescue and firefighting.
(1) Ladder trucks use telescopic booms, offering advantages like lightweight design, quick operation, and direct access to the target. For example, the German Malkilus 55-meter ladder truck weighs around 22 tons and can extend and rotate to its maximum height in just 85 seconds. In contrast, a 54-meter elevated platform truck takes 130 seconds for the same operation. However, ladder trucks have limitations, such as lower working heights, limited platform load capacity (usually up to 320 kg), and a maximum deployment angle of 75 degrees. The current maximum height for these trucks is 56 meters, and further increases are difficult due to manufacturing constraints.
(2) Elevated platform trucks, also known as hydraulic lift or curved arm vehicles, offer greater flexibility and stability. They are widely used for rescue missions and can carry more personnel and equipment. These vehicles feature larger platforms, higher load capacities (up to 500 kg), and a maximum deployment angle of 85 degrees. The world’s highest platform reaches 104 meters, and they are often equipped with water cannons capable of delivering large flows (2300-6000 liters per minute), making them highly effective in firefighting.
(3) High-reach water cannon vehicles, or high-spraying vehicles, are equipped with a curved arm and a remote-controlled water cannon at the top. They can spray water or foam over long distances, making them ideal for high-altitude firefighting. Modern versions often include water tanks, fire pumps, and vacuum pumps, allowing them to operate independently or in conjunction with other vehicles when no water source is available. Some advanced models even feature demolition tools that can break through glass, wood, and concrete, enabling direct water application into enclosed spaces.
In conclusion, understanding the performance, operation, and maintenance of high-rise fire-fighting vehicles is crucial for ensuring safety and efficiency in emergency response. Continuous training, regular maintenance, and technological upgrades are essential to prevent accidents and improve rescue capabilities.
Editor: Hardware Business Network Information Center
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