Excessive supply of nitrogen often makes the crops more mature. In some areas with short frost-free periods, crops often suffer from prolonged growth due to excessive nitrogen, which is a serious hazard from early frost. Nitrogen excess often makes the cells too large, the cell wall is thin, the cells are juicy, the plants are soft, and they are susceptible to mechanical damage and pathogens such as rice brown spot, wheat scab, and corn leaf blight. Excessive nitrogen also consumes a lot of carbohydrates, affecting the quality of the crop's products.
For Chinese cabbage and certain fruits, excessive nitrogen application reduces the quality of storage and transportation. Excessive supply of nitrogen will also cause the leaves of cereal crops to become hypertrophy, shade each other, consume too much carbohydrate, and the stems are weak and easy to fall, resulting in reduced yield. Cotton often grows abnormally due to excessive nitrogen. It is characterized by tall plant type, long length, rare buds and easy to fall off, and the proportion of flowers after frost increases. The sugar production rate of beet roots will decrease due to excessive nitrogen content. Plants with high nitrogen content have the characteristics of succulent cells, which is disadvantageous for fiber crops. For example, if the supply of nitrogen to hemp is excessive, the biomass is increased, but the fiber yield is reduced and the fiber pull is reduced. The large application of nitrogen fertilizer will also increase the nitrate content of crops, posing a threat to human health.
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