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Selection of sliding bearing data
Source: Bearing network time: 2018-03-06
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The primary items for evaluating the sliding bearing data are: compressive strength and fatigue strength, wear resistance, running-in, avoiding conflict with the adhesion of the journal, compensating for the compliance of the initial cooperation of the sliding surface, allowing the hard particles to be embedded. It is used to reduce the embedding, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, processing technology, price, etc. of the journal scratch. However, there is no bearing data that can fully satisfy the intent requirements of these items; and the projects are more opposite each other.
For example; the softer the metal data; the better the compliance and embedding; but the lower the strength; therefore, the soft metal data can only be used as a bearing lining, and the hardness of the data is high; but the compliance and embedding are poor; The bearing shaft made by the data has a small alignment error with the bearing.
Sliding bearing data should be selected according to factors such as load, speed, temperature, smooth condition and life. Commonly used sliding bearing materials are babbitt, copper and aluminum based alloys, wear resistant cast iron, plastic, rubber, wood and carbon-graphite. Wait.
Babbitt alloy is a low melting point alloy with tin, antimony and copper as the primary components; also known as white alloy, bearing alloy.
American I in 1839. Babbitt obtained the US patent for this alloy. The matrix of the alloy is a soft solution of solid solution in which tin and copper are dissolved in tin; hard particles composed of tin-copper bismuth compound are interspersed therebetween. Soft tissue has excellent conflict compatibility, compliance and embedding. Hard particles have the ability to support the load. The strength of the Babbitt alloy is low; it can only be used as a bearing lining for mild steel, cast iron or bronze bearings.
Later, there were bearing alloys with lead, antimony and copper as the primary components. The former is called tin-based babbitt; the latter is called lead-based babbitt. tin-based babbitt is expensive; Important bearings and large bearings for high speed and heavy loads. Lead-based babbitt alloys are not as functional as tin-based alloys; but they are inexpensive; they are widely used; they are suitable for medium-speed, medium-load and relatively stable loads. Participate in trace elements (such as chromium , etc.) to manufacture high-strength babbitt alloy; it is a new development direction.
Copper-based alloys are mainly used as copper-based alloys for sliding bearing materials: brass with copper and niobium as the primary component, bronze with copper and tin as the primary component, and copper-lead alloy (also known as lead bronze).
Copper-based alloys have high strength; good thermal conductivity and wear resistance; allow the working temperature to be higher than that of babbitt; but the compliance, embedding and conflict compatibility are not as good as those of Babbitt; they can be used as bearing bush or bearing lining materials.
Common tin-phosphorus-containing tin bronze; suitable for medium-speed heavy-duty or n-loaded bearings,
Tin bronze containing tin, zinc and lead; suitable for medium speed medium load bearings,
Lead bronze has high bearing capacity and high fatigue strength; it is suitable for bearings with high speed and n-load load.
Aluminum bronze has high strength and good corrosion resistance; it is suitable for low speed heavy duty bearings.
Brass is usually not as good as bronze; but it is cheap; it is mainly used for low-speed bearings; but brass with manganese and silicon is better than tin bronze.
Aluminum-based alloys are aluminum-niobium-magnesium alloys, aluminum-tin alloys and aluminum-silicon alloys.
They have high compressive strength and fatigue strength; good thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance; low cost; but their conflict compatibility, embedding and compliance are poor; widely used in internal combustion engine and compressor bearings.
Wear-resistant cast iron is cheap; but the friction-reducing function is poor; it can only be used for low-speed light-duty bearings.
Plastics commonly used are phenolic resin, nylon, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyoxymethylene.
The plastic bearing has good self-smooth function, small conflict S number, good anti-fatigue function, strong vibration absorption, good corrosion resistance and embedding, smooth water or emulsion, and can save non-ferrous metals. However, the plastic strength is lower than that of metal. Poor heat, low thermal conductivity, oily or water swelling appearance; large bearing clearance must be taken during design.
Participation in certain fillers such as graphite, disulfide f, glass fiber, etc. in plastics can reduce the conflicting S number and improve wear resistance; participation in copper powder can improve thermal conductivity and strength.
Plastic bearings have been used in metallurgy, chemical, textile, food, instrumentation and shipbuilding industries.
Rubber insertability and corrosion resistance are excellent.
Rubber bearings can be used as a smoothing agent with water mixed with particulate impurities; with elasticity; with vibration-absorbing effect; stable operation; but poor thermal conductivity; working temperature should be lower than 70 ° C; otherwise simple aging.
Natural rubber is not resistant to oil; rubber bearings that require smooth oil should be stunned.
Wood has self-smoothness; low cost; good corrosion resistance.
Wood-made bearings can be used in food machinery, food processing machinery, etc. that require cleanliness.
Its working temperature should not be higher than 65 ° C. Hard wood such as iron pear, maple and oak are suitable for the manufacture of wooden bearings.
Carbon-graphite is excellent in smoothness and corrosion resistance; and it has a high temperature of 400 °C; but the strength is poor; it needs to be pressed into the steel sleeve.
This type of bearing can be used in environments where it is not easy to smooth, does not allow oil K, is hot or corrosive.
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