Introduction to the identification of porcelain in the Republic of China

In the Republic of China era (1911–1949), porcelain production remained centered in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi, which had long been the heart of Chinese ceramics. Despite the political and economic challenges of the time, Jingdezhen continued to be a hub for ceramic artistry. The closure of the imperial kilns after the fall of the Qing Dynasty led many skilled artisans to move into private workshops, contributing to a vibrant and diverse porcelain industry. During this period, a wide range of styles emerged, including Hongxian porcelain, new pastel porcelain, and antique-style imitations, each with its own unique characteristics. Hongxian porcelain, named after the short-lived "Hongxian" reign of Yuan Shikai, was particularly notable. Although the emperor’s rule lasted only 83 days, the porcelain produced during this brief period was highly sought after. These pieces were often made by former imperial craftsmen and featured delicate painting, soft colors, and refined craftsmanship. Some were even commissioned by high-ranking officials, adding to their historical significance. New pastel porcelain became another highlight of the era. Unlike traditional pastels, these pieces incorporated modern artistic techniques, blending classical motifs with contemporary aesthetics. Artists like Pan Yuyu and Wang Xiaoyu played a key role in shaping this style, and later groups such as the “Zhushan Eight Friends” helped elevate the status of this art form. Their works, often featuring landscapes, figures, and flowers, demonstrated a high level of skill and creativity. Antique porcelain also flourished during this time, with many artisans producing imitations of earlier dynasties, especially the Ming and Qing periods. These pieces were often difficult to distinguish from authentic antiques, leading to confusion among collectors. However, this also contributed to the growing appreciation for Republic-era porcelain, as many of these works were of exceptional quality. Today, Republic of China porcelain has gained significant recognition in the art market, with some pieces commanding prices that rival those of Qing dynasty official kiln wares. This is due not only to their technical excellence but also to their historical value and artistic diversity. As more collectors become aware of their beauty and craftsmanship, the legacy of Republic-era porcelain continues to grow.

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Precise accessory is a kind of high-precision hardware turning part processed by lathe and other machine tools, which is characterized by high precision, precision and small size

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