Corrosion has always been a major concern for chemical pump equipment. Even a small mistake can lead to severe damage, accidents, and even disasters. According to statistics, approximately 60% of the damage to chemical pumps is caused by corrosion. Therefore, when selecting a chemical pump, it is essential to focus on the scientific choice of materials. A common misconception is that stainless steel is a "universal material" that can be used in any environment or with any medium. This assumption is very risky.
Here are some key considerations for selecting chemical pumps based on the media they will handle:
1. **Sulfuric Acid**: As one of the most corrosive substances, sulfuric acid varies greatly in its effects depending on concentration and temperature. For concentrated sulfuric acid (above 80%) at temperatures below 80°C, carbon steel or cast iron may be suitable. However, high-speed flow of sulfuric acid is not recommended for cast iron. Ordinary stainless steels like 304 and 316 have limited resistance. High-silicon cast iron or high-alloy stainless steels (like 20 alloy) are typically used for pump valves. Fluoroplastic-lined pumps (such as F46) are also a cost-effective option. Our company offers fluoroplastic centrifugal pumps, FP FS series corrosion-resistant pumps, and CQB-F type magnetic drive pumps.
2. **Hydrochloric Acid**: Most metals, including various stainless steels, are not resistant to hydrochloric acid. Only molybdenum high-silicon iron can be used under certain conditions (up to 50°C and 30% concentration). Non-metallic materials like rubber and plastic (e.g., polypropylene, fluoroplastics) are ideal for transporting hydrochloric acid.
3. **Nitric Acid**: Most metals are easily corroded by nitric acid. Stainless steel is the most widely used material for nitric acid resistance. It performs well across all concentrations at normal temperatures. Molybdenum-containing stainless steels (like 316, 316L) offer better corrosion resistance than standard grades (like 304, 321) in some cases. For high-temperature applications, titanium or titanium alloys are often used.
4. **Acetic Acid**: One of the most corrosive organic acids, acetic acid can severely corrode ordinary steel at any concentration or temperature. Stainless steel, especially 316 with molybdenum, is an excellent choice. For high-temperature or high-concentration acetic acid, high-alloy stainless steel or fluoroplastic pumps are recommended.
5. **Alkali (Sodium Hydroxide)**: Steel is commonly used for sodium hydroxide solutions below 30°C and 30% concentration. At higher temperatures, some factories still use ordinary steel despite increased corrosion. Stainless steel does not offer a significant advantage over cast iron in resisting lye. If trace amounts of iron are acceptable, stainless steel should be avoided. For high-temperature alkali, titanium or high-alloy stainless steel is preferred.
6. **Ammonia (Ammonium Hydroxide)**: Most metals and non-metals show slight corrosion in liquid ammonia. Copper and copper alloys should be avoided. Most materials are suitable for ammonia transport.
7. **Salt Water (Seawater)**: Ordinary steel shows low corrosion in saltwater, but protection with paint is often needed. Stainless steels like 316 have low uniform corrosion rates but may suffer from local corrosion due to chloride ions. Our pumps are often made with 316 stainless steel.
This article is sourced from http://NewsDetail250T1.html, China Hardware Business Network, http://news.chinawj.com.cn. Edited by the China Hardware Business Network Information Center.
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