According to foreign media reports, researchers at the California Institute of Technology and Northwestern University have discovered that when salt water flows through a rusty film, an electric current is generated. Salt water is a common component in batteries and usually exists as an electrolyte. Like salt water lamps, huge redox flow batteries and even experimental penetration power plants have its figure.
But now the working principle of this new system is different from the above examples, because rust does not use a chemical reaction but uses the electric effect-that is, the energy generated when water flows through-to generate electricity. Its working principle is that the ions in the brine attract the electrons in the iron under the rust layer. When the salt water and its ions flow, this gravitational force will drag the iron electrons and generate electricity.
Although the same effect has been obtained with graphene in the past, the problem is that the manufacture and expansion of graphene to a useful size is still a tricky thing, and the production of large iron plates and their surface rust are all current Capabilities already in industrial practice.
To ensure that rust forms on a uniform thin film, the team used a method called physical vapor deposition (PVD). Iron oxide vapor condenses on the surface into a uniform 10 nm thick morphology. Subsequently, the research team tested it with different concentrations of saline solution.
As a result, they found that this technology is surprisingly efficient at converting kinetic energy into electrical energy-about 30%-every square centimeter of rust can produce tens of millivolts and a few microamperes of current. This shows that expanding the scale can produce useful electricity.
Tom Miller, co-author of the study, said: "In the long run, every 10 square meters of plate can produce several kilowatts of electricity per hour-enough for a standard American household. Of course, if it is a less demanding application, including remote areas Of low-power devices are more promising in the short term. "
In addition, it can also be used to generate electricity in or near the ocean, and even to the blood vessels of the human body.
Related research reports have been published in "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences".
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