Mulch peanuts tend to decay prematurely during the late growth stage, which can reduce the fruit-filling rate and ultimately lead to lower yields. To prevent this, it is essential to monitor the crop closely, identify issues early, and take timely actions to avoid unnecessary losses.
　　 1 , nutrient deficiency. Due to the rapid decomposition of mulch fertilizer, plants may absorb too much in the early stages, leaving insufficient nutrients for later growth, especially in areas with poor soil quality. During the flowering and pod-forming period, 20 kg of urea should be applied, followed by a water-based top-dressing. Leaf sprays can also be used two or three times, using a mixture of urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, or products like Shibao, preferably after 4 pm.
　　 2 , water shortage. When the soil becomes dry, especially during hot summer afternoons, plants may show temporary wilting, leading to premature aging. It's best to water in the evening and keep the soil between rows slightly moist to maintain plant health.
　　 3 , disease management. The most common issue in peanut crops is leaf spot disease, which thrives in wet and humid conditions. It causes brown or dark brown spots on leaves and can spread to stems and petioles. To control this, apply 50% carbendazim WP at 800-1000 times dilution, or 50% mancozeb at 500 times dilution. You can also use 70% methyl thiophanate at 1000 times dilution or 75% chlorothalonil WP at 600 times dilution. Spraying should be done before and after the onset of symptoms, and it may be necessary to spray up to three times, rotating between different fungicides for better effectiveness.
　　 4 , lodging. In fields with high fertility and good water and nutrient supply, plants may grow too vigorously and become prone to falling over. This can cause leaves to touch the ground, leading to yellowing and rot, which negatively affects ventilation, light exposure, and photosynthesis. To prevent this, you can spray 50 grams of daminozide per 50 kg of water. For early pod development, you can also apply 15% wettable powder at 35-40 g per 35-40 kg of water, ensuring even coverage across the field.
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