In winter, the temperature drops significantly, which slows down microbial activity in the soil. As a result, fertilizers that require microbial conversion take longer to become available to plants. However, during this season, vegetables still need sufficient nutrients to support their growth. To address this challenge, it's best to use fast-acting fertilizers that can be quickly absorbed by plant roots.
For nitrogen sources, ammonium bicarbonate is an excellent choice. It belongs to the ammonium-type nitrogen fertilizers, which can be directly taken up by plants after application, without needing time for conversion. This makes it more effective in cold conditions compared to urea, which is an amide-type fertilizer and requires microbial action to convert into a usable form. Urea’s effectiveness is greatly reduced in low temperatures, slowing down nutrient availability and potentially affecting crop development.
When it comes to phosphorus, superphosphate is highly recommended. It contains 14% to 20% of water-soluble phosphorus pentoxide (Pâ‚‚Oâ‚…), with 80% to 95% of it being readily available to plants. This makes it a quick-acting phosphate fertilizer, more efficient than other options like calcium magnesium phosphate.
For potassium, potassium chloride is a good option, but care should be taken for crops sensitive to chlorine, such as potatoes and tomatoes. During the middle and late growth stages, potassium sulfate is a better alternative for these crops.
Compound fertilizers with a 45% NPK ratio are also suitable for winter use, as they provide a balanced supply of essential nutrients. Additionally, well-decomposed farmyard manure can be used to supplement organic matter and improve soil structure.
Using these types of fertilizers ensures that plants receive the necessary nutrients efficiently, even in colder weather, supporting healthy growth throughout the winter season.
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