Confined Space Occupational Hazard Prevention and Control Principles

I. Occupational Hazards in Confined Spaces

Confined space operations are among the most dangerous working environments, often leading to acute occupational poisoning incidents. Common confined spaces include caves, tunnels, manholes, septic tanks, boilers, ship compartments, and basements. These areas are typically poorly ventilated and can trap harmful gases or create hazardous conditions that threaten workers' lives.

The main occupational hazards found in confined spaces include exposure to toxic gases such as hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, and methane, as well as nitrogen oxides. Other risks involve electrical shocks, mechanical injuries, structural collapses, and biological contaminants like bacteria or fungi.

II. Principles for Preventing Occupational Hazards in Confined Spaces

To ensure safety during confined space work, several key principles must be followed: First, continuous monitoring of gas levels—such as oxygen, flammable gases, and toxic substances—is essential before and during the operation. Second, proper ventilation should be maintained prior to entering the space to reduce the risk of gas accumulation. Third, workers must be equipped with appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) and emergency rescue tools, such as gas detectors, respirators, and retrieval systems.

III. Measures for Handling Confined Space Occupational Hazards

Before entering a confined space, workers must obtain approval from the site supervisor and maintain communication with the person in charge. If the environment cannot be adequately ventilated or if the conditions inside the space are unknown, workers should wear suitable respiratory protection, such as self-contained breathing apparatuses or supplied-air masks. In case of emergencies like suffocation or poisoning, rescue personnel must use full-face air-purifying respirators, oxygen masks, or hose-fed air systems to protect themselves before entering. Once safely inside, they should quickly move the affected individual to an open area and provide first aid while waiting for professional medical assistance. It is crucial not to rush into the confined space without proper preparation, as this can lead to additional casualties.

China Labor Insurance Network