Some feeds are not suitable for direct feeding, including raw soybeans, cottonseed meal, raw peas, and similar ingredients. These materials contain natural toxins that can be harmful to animals if not properly processed.
Raw soybeans and soybean meal contain three main harmful substances: trypsin inhibitor, which hinders the breakdown of proteins by proteases; phytohemagglutinin, which can damage red blood cells and lower hemoglobin levels; and urease, which breaks down proteins and urea into ammonia, irritating the digestive system. Fortunately, these toxins can be neutralized through heating, cooking, or frying, making the feed safe for consumption.
Cottonseed meal and cotton leaves, especially when untreated, contain two major toxic compounds: gossypol, which can damage the nervous system, blood vessels, and internal organs, and may cause inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract; and cyclopropene fatty acids, which can lead to shrinkage of the ovaries and oviducts in females, severely affecting reproductive performance. Proper processing is essential to reduce these risks.
Raw peas also contain harmful substances, such as trypsin inhibitor, which reduces protein digestion, and fenugreek base, which affects the central nervous system. Both can be effectively removed through heat treatment, making the peas safe and more nutritious for animal feed.
Raw broad beans contain two harmful components: trypsin inhibitor, similar to that found in other legumes, and pyrimidine, which can be neutralized by proper cooking. This ensures that the beans are safe and more digestible for livestock.
The residue from tofu production, known as soy pulp, contains anti-nutritional factors that can interfere with nutrient absorption. To make it suitable for feeding, the residue should be heated for at least 15 minutes to destroy these harmful substances, improve taste, and enhance protein utilization. It should not be fed alone but mixed with other feed sources, and its proportion should not exceed one-third of the total diet. Additionally, it’s important to supplement with minerals and provide some green or succulent feed to meet the nutritional needs of livestock and poultry for vitamins and essential minerals.
High Frequency Ranging Sensor Module
A high frequency ranging sensor module is a device that uses high-frequency signals to measure the distance between the sensor and an object. It typically consists of a transmitter and a receiver, which emit and receive high-frequency signals, respectively.
The module works by sending out a high-frequency signal, such as ultrasonic or radar waves, and measuring the time it takes for the signal to bounce back after hitting an object. By calculating the time of flight, the module can determine the distance between the sensor and the object.
High-frequency ranging sensor modules are commonly used in various applications, such as robotics, industrial automation, and automotive systems. They provide accurate distance measurements and can be used for obstacle detection, object tracking, or proximity sensing.
High-frequency laser distance sensors have a high measurement frequency and can provide real-time distance data, suitable for scenarios requiring quick responses, such as dynamic obstacle avoidance, autonomous driving, and robot navigation. These sensors ensure that the system can promptly perceive environmental changes and react quickly, ensuring safe and reliable operation.
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